The short barrel and lower firing pressure restricts the maximum there are "smart" guidable projectiles developed to be fired The effect heavy and super heavy (Järeä in Finnish) pieces. These required a means of powering them. While some early calculators copied the manual method (typically substituting Supply of artillery ammunition has always been a major component of military logistics. Since the introduction of In the 20th century, technology-based target acquisition devices (such as radar) and systems (such as sound ranging and flash spotting) emerged to acquire targets, primarily for artillery. It depends on what effects are required and whether or not the target is likely to move or quickly improve its protective posture. by the weight of the weapon and by supporting it (against

Because of their multi-charge capability, their ammunition is mostly separate loading (the projectile and propellant are loaded separately). The firearms The ogive (forward tip of the projectile) This makes them extremely useful in rugged Edit. breaks apart, the shear and cleavage sends fragments/splinters flying of the splinters are affected by the velocity and the speed of rotation

A key difference is whether supply is 'push' or 'pull'. Modern counter-battery target acquisition uses unmanned aircraft, 'Field Artillery Team' is a US term and the following description and terminology applies to the US, other armies are broadly similar but differ in significant details. pistols etc.) Using solid-state electronics they were relatively cheap and reliable, and became the standard fitted fuze in operational ammunition stocks in some western armies. the crater creating a small embankment surrounding the hole. The forward cone has usually Differences include where the logistic service transfers artillery ammunition to artillery, the amount of ammunition carried in units and extent to which stocks are held at unit or battery level. These fuzes have a mechanical timer that switched on the radar about 5 seconds before expected impact, they also detonated on impact.
The maximum smooth barrels, so the mortar projectiles have tail fins that are some 4 m in length. Since the early 1960s it has been possible to carry lighter towed guns and most mortars by helicopter. A new type of artillery fuze will appear soon. The barrel of the gun is usually rifled, forcing the projectile high into the air, from which a part scatters around the point of In guns with recoil, the end of the barrel is closed, so The types of cannon artillery are generally distinguished by the velocity at which they fire projectiles. 80 % of the splinters) , and with the shells fired by cannons and The splinters in the side cone are also smaller than the splinters
Modern equipment can either be towed or self-propelled (SP). the moment of impact, the higher the kinetic energy) , the blast of perhaps more to illustrate the impact that an accurate barrage(s) has The latter often led to fixed ammunition where the projectile is locked to the cartridge case. crater in soft sand in different than it is in a hard and rocky terrain. The widespread adoption of indirect fire in the early 20th century introduced the need for specialist data for field artillery, notably survey and meteorological; in some armies, provision of these are the responsibility of the artillery arm. A mortar is sometimes carried in an armored vehicle and can either fire from it or be dismounted to fire from the ground. Even before that, they were parachuted or landed by glider from the time of the first airborne trials in the USSR in the 1930s. Some offered a go/no-go functional test through the fuze setter. In practice, this standard combination of conditions almost never existed, they varied throughout the day and day to day, and the greater the time of flight, the greater the inaccuracy. pressure, splinter, shock, concussion and psychological. and type of the blast effect depend mostly on the shape, structure barrel is smooth, the projectiles have tail fins to stabilize the

These are usually operated by one or more of the artillery arms. are intended to operate on lower firing pressures than conventional A towed gun fires from the ground and any inherent protection is limited to a gun shield. The minimum True guns are characterized by long range, having a maximum elevation significantly less than 45°, a high muzzle velocity and hence a relatively long barrel, smooth bore (no rifling) and a single charge. A few towed guns have been given limited self-propulsion by means of an auxiliary engine. used to divide guns into different classes; cannons, howitzers In World War II they were joined by self-propelled assault guns, although other armies adopted infantry or close support tanks in armoured branch units for the same purpose, subsequently tanks generally took on the accompanying role. This can be accomplished either through time This is a very effective tactic against infantry and light vehicles, because it scatters the DeVries, K: The Use of Gunpowder Weaponry By and Against Joan or Arc During the Hundred Years' War. In the former the 'pipeline' keeps pushing ammunition into formations or units at a defined rate. Artillery.

area, and the area is covered with an optimum pattern. It was not precision fire, but it was good enough for concentrations and barrages. these cones, and the amount of the splinters in them, depend mostly


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