Threatened higher plants (2018) 555 . Mapping plant biodiversity on Mount Cameroon.
Currently, 815 species are listed as threatened using the IUCN global Red List standard (Onana & Cheek 2011), a vastly higher number than for any other tropical African country, reflecting both investment in Red Listing by Kew and its main partner the National Herbarium of Cameroon, Yaoundé, and also the clearance of endemic species-rich habitat, especially lowland rainforest and submontane cloud forest. The biodiversity of African plants. 7., BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK.

Mount Cameroon is the highest peak in sub-Saharan western and central Africa, with a vast dome that extends over 45 km and reaches just above 4,000 m in elevation. Oil palm, rubber and banana plantations are found across much of the Mount Cameroon foothills. Of these, Mount Cameroon is the only volcano that is still active, last erupting in 1982 and again in 1999 (Fotso et al. The ecoregion contains exceptional levels of species endemism and richness, in part due to the great altitudinal range and the resulting diversity of habitats. An additional 18 restricted range bird species are shared by this ecoregion and the Cameroon Highlands Forests ecoregion (Stattersfield et al. Bot. Heathlands and related shrublands. 1994. & Castelo Alvarez R. 1986 Investigacion y conservacion de la naturaleza en Guinea Ecuatorial. The highest peak, at 4,095m (13,434ft) is Mount Cameroon, which lies close to the coast. On the other hand, the north and eastern sides of Mount Cameroon lie in a relative rain-shadow. 2001).The montane forest of Bioko is protected by Basilé National Park (Parque Nacionale de Pico Basilé – 330 km2) and Luba Crater Scientific Reserve (Reserva Cientifica de la Caldera de Luba - 510 km2), which were both given legal status in 2000. John Wiley and Son, Chichester.Pérez del Val, J. On Mount Cameroon, montane forest extends from 1,675 m to between 2200 and 2400 m in elevation This grades into montane scrub and ultimately into montane grasslands, subalpine communities and rocky habitats at the highest elevations (Killick 1979). Two of these species are strictly endemic to Mount Cameroon: Mount Cameroon francolin (Francolinus camerunensis, EN) and the Mount Cameroon speirops (Speirops melanocephalus, VU). 1986). Cameroon, on the Atlantic coast of West Coast Africa, ranges from the lush rainforests of the active volcano, Mt Cameroon (4000 m high) on the coast, parts of it with the highest rainfall in Africa, receiving 10-15 m of rain p.a., to the arid sub-Saharan bushland of the extreme north at Lake Chad.

The IUCN 2000 Red List of Threatened Species. The Mount Cameroon and Bioko Montane Forests ecoregion comprises four areas of montane forest on volcanoes located in coastal Cameroon and the offshore island of Bioko.

At higher elevations the rainfall gradually declines, with less than 2,000 mm falling at the summit of Mount Cameroon. Proceedings XIVth AETFAT Congress, Wageningen, The Netherlands. 1994.

Most of the endemics at higher altitudes are recently evolved, comprising 19 of the near-endemics and 19 of the strict endemics, whereas paleoendemic plants, including the three endemic genera, occur only in the foothills. In. Recent fieldwork has focussed on Central, South and Littoral Regions and has been combined with collecting seed of threatened tree species.The project builds on previous botanical inventory for conservation management work beginning in 1861 (Kew’s Gustav Mann) and more recently (1992-ongoing) collaborative surveys of areas such as Mt Cameroon, Mt Oku, Bali-Ngemba, Kupe-Bakossi-Mwanenguba, Lebialem Highlands, Mefou, resulting in five new protected areas for plants being recognised so far. The humid coastal strip is tropical, with a mixture of rainforest and farmland. (eds.).

and van Medenbach de Rooy, J.M. While portions of this forest gradient persist intact, it is threatened at lower altitudes by subsistence and plantation agriculture.


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